My group prefers to keep all players at equal numbers of skill points and base refresh as each other in order to maintain balance within the party. However, our GM hands out a new skill point (a Moderate milestone) every few sessions, and a new point of refresh (Major milestone) at the end of each story arc. So far we've gone from 6 Refresh/20 Skill Points to 9 Refresh/32 Skill Points in the course of maybe 9 months play time. (Not sure about exactly how long the game's been running, plus there's been breaks and such as well).
XP really isn't fate's style, but you could do something like that if you wanted. Maybe have a stack of "awesome points" that are different from the fate points your group uses. Do something awesome? GM gives you an awesome point. Party defeats a big monster? Everyone gets an awesome point. Five or ten awesome points could be traded in for a skill point.
The problem I have with that sort of system is it has the potential for the party to get out of whack, with the more creative or active players getting ahead on skills or refresh (or both). This has a "winners keep on winning" effect where those who earn points are more powerful, so they've got more ability to pull off cool stuff, which gets them more points, etc. etc.